Trigger Finger

What is trigger finger?

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition in which one of the tendons in the hand becomes inflamed and thickened, leading to a locking or catching sensation during finger flexion or extension. When the tendon releases, it causes a snapping or "triggering" motion, which gives the condition its name. Trigger finger can affect one or more fingers and, if left untreated, may lead to permanent stiffness of the affected digit.

Symptoms:
The main symptoms of trigger finger include locking or catching during finger movement, pain at the base of the finger, morning stiffness, and in some cases, a painful, palpable nodule at the base of the finger or thumb. Pain may worsen with repetitive hand use or activities that require a strong grip. In more severe cases, the finger may become stuck in a bent or extended position.

Causes:
Trigger finger is often caused by repetitive hand movements or overuse, which lead to inflammation of the flexor tendon. Other contributing factors include medical conditions such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The condition is more common in middle-aged adults, particularly women, and may also be linked to trauma or injury to the hand.

Diagnosis:
Diagnosis is based on a detailed medical history and a physical examination. The doctor will assess finger movement, check for the presence of a nodule, and feel for any catching sensation during flexion and extension. In some cases, an ultrasound may be used to visualize the tendon inflammation and confirm the diagnosis.

Treatments:
Treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms. In early stages, conservative options include rest, the use of finger splints to limit movement, ice application to reduce inflammation, and anti-inflammatory medications.
Physical therapy and stretching exercises can also help improve mobility and reduce pain.

In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be used to reduce tendon inflammation and relieve symptoms. These injections can offer temporary relief and are especially effective in early stages of the condition.

For more severe or persistent cases, surgery may be necessary to release the affected tendon. Trigger finger surgery is typically an outpatient procedure performed under local anesthesia. During the operation, the surgeon makes a small incision at the base of the finger to release the tendon, allowing for smooth, unrestricted movement.

At Handclinic, under the care of Dr. Marco Guidi, we use advanced technologies and a personalized approach to diagnose and treat trigger finger. Our goal is to offer effective solutions that restore hand function and relieve pain for our patients.